GeneSet Information

Tier IV GS411062 • Yoked-condition genes (YC) significantly altered by morphine self-administration (yoker): yoked-morphine vs. yoker and yoked-saline in C57BL/6J (B6) ventral striatum (VS) (FDR threshold = 5%)_log2FC

DESCRIPTION:

Adult male C57BL/6J (B6) and DBA/2J (D2) mice (Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME) 60–120 days old and weighing approximately 21–28 g at the start of the experiment were used. D2 (N = 12) and B6 (N = 27) mice were randomly distributed into three different yoked conditions. The self-administration experiment was run using a Yoked-control paradigm with three experimental groups (Yoker, Yoked-morphine, Yoked-saline). After recovery from surgery, the Yokers (subjects with contingent control over morphine injections) were given access to morphine (1mg/kg/injection) on a Fixed Ratio 4 (FR4) schedule of reinforcement in which they had to press the lever 4 times to receive one injection of morphine. Within each genotype, two yoked control animals were paired with the Yoker; one received an injection of 1.0 mg/kg morphine (Yoked-morphine) and the other received an injection of saline (Yoked-saline) each time the Yoker mouse self-injected morphine. All the stimulus conditions surrounding the injection were exactly the same for each member of the trio. Self-administration sessions ran for five days. Animals were housed in the operant chamber with free access to food and water. Each mouse was sacrificed by CO2 asphyxiation and decapitation. Immediately after decapitation the brain was removed and the tissue areas, Ventral Striatum (VS) and Ventral Midbrain (VMB), were dissected and placed in separate tubes with RNA later (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). One group of B6 and D2 animals (N=12 per genotype, thus n=4 complete triads for each genotype) was utilized for behavioral phenotyping, gene expression profiling (microarray) and quantitative real time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) validation of expression profiles. A second cohort of B6 animals (n = 5 complete triads) served as an independent group to further validate our behavioral results and microarray gene expression findings. The statistical comparisons between genotypes and graphical representations of the data were conducted on the first cohort, since these data represent a direct statistical association between global mRNA expression and behavior. The expression profiles of ~21,000 unique genes were measured in each of the two brain regions (VS and VMB) across the Yoked triad of the B6 and D2 genotypes. Genes exhibiting significant (10% FDR) condition-dependent differences in expression of ~1.4-fold or greater (between any 2 groups) were identified and referred to as significant yoked-condition (YC) B6 genes. Please note that there appears to be an inconsistency in the article for the fold-change threshold between the B6 and D2 animals. From supplementary table 1, FDR <= 0.05.

LABEL:

Sig. YC genes B6 VS yoked-M vs. yoker and yoked-S FDR <= 0.05_log2FC

SCORE TYPE:

Effect

THRESHOLD:

<= 0.5

GENES IN THRESHOLD:

0

DATE ADDED:

2025-04-02

DATE UPDATED:

2025-06-30

SPECIES:

AUTHORS:

Jenica D Tapocik, Truong V Luu, Cheryl L Mayo, Bi-Dar Wang, Erin Doyle, Alec D Lee, Norman H Lee, Greg I Elmer

TITLE:

Neuroplasticity, axonal guidance and micro-RNA genes are associated with morphine self-administration behavior.

JOURNAL:

Addiction biology May 2013, Vol 18, pp. 480-95

ABSTRACT:

Neuroadaptations in the ventral striatum (VS) and ventral midbrain (VMB) following chronic opioid administration are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis and persistence of opiate addiction. In order to identify candidate genes involved in these neuroadaptations, we utilized a behavior-genetics strategy designed to associate contingent intravenous drug self-administration with specific patterns of gene expression in inbred mice differentially predisposed to the rewarding effects of morphine. In a Yoked-control paradigm, C57BL/6J mice showed clear morphine-reinforced behavior, whereas DBA/2J mice did not. Moreover, the Yoked-control paradigm revealed the powerful consequences of self-administration versus passive administration at the level of gene expression. Morphine self-administration in the C57BL/6J mice uniquely up- or down-regulated 237 genes in the VS and 131 genes in the VMB. Interestingly, only a handful of the C57BL/6J self-administration genes (<3%) exhibited a similar expression pattern in the DBA/2J mice. Hence, specific sets of genes could be confidently assigned to regional effects of morphine in a contingent- and genotype-dependent manner. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that neuroplasticity, axonal guidance and micro-RNAs (miRNAs) were among the key themes associated with drug self-administration. Noteworthy were the primary miRNA genes H19 and micro-RNA containing gene (Mirg), processed, respectively, to mature miRNAs miR-675 and miR-154, because they are prime candidates to mediate network-like changes in responses to chronic drug administration. These miRNAs have postulated roles in dopaminergic neuron differentiation and mu-opioid receptor regulation. The strategic approach designed to focus on reinforcement-associated genes provides new insight into the role of neuroplasticity pathways and miRNAs in drug addiction. PUBMED: 22804800
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Annotation Information

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Social Control, Formal (D012926)
Mesencephalon (D008636)
Behavior (D001519)
Genetics (D005823)
Polymerase Chain Reaction (D016133)
Substance-Related Disorders (D019966)
Gene Expression Profiling (D020869)
MicroRNAs (D035683)
Opioid-Related Disorders (D009293)
Gene Expression (D015870)
RNA, Messenger (D012333)
Neurons (D009474)
Neuronal Plasticity (D009473)
Genotype (D005838)
Pharmaceutical Preparations (D004364)
Tissues (D014024)
General Surgery (D013502)
Opiate Alkaloids (D053610)
Morphine (D009020)
Injections (D007267)
Receptors, Opioid (D011957)
Cognition (D003071)
Association (D001244)
Analgesics, Opioid (D000701)
ventral striatum (MA:0002972)
addiction (MP:0002555)
killing by symbiont of host cells (GO:0001907)
biological regulation (GO:0065007)
modulation by symbiont of host defense response (GO:0052031)
modification by symbiont of host morphology or physiology (GO:0044003)
neuron differentiation (GO:0030182)
cytolysis by symbiont of host cells (GO:0001897)
hemolysis by symbiont of host erythrocytes (GO:0019836)
gene expression (GO:0010467)
dopaminergic neuron differentiation (GO:0071542)
positive regulation by symbiont of host programmed cell death (GO:0052042)
Transcriptomics (EDAM_topic:0203)
Functional and non-coding RNA (EDAM_topic:0659)
Gene expression profile generation (EDAM_operation:0314)
Genotype and phenotype (EDAM_topic:0625)
dilC18(5) dye (CHEBI:52027)
dibenz[a,h]anthracene (CHEBI:35299)
(-)-(2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxybutanamide (CHEBI:28598)
maleate(2-) (CHEBI:30780)
ribonucleic acid (CHEBI:33697)
messenger RNA (CHEBI:33699)
propyzamide (CHEBI:34935)
carbon dioxide (CHEBI:16526)
morphine(1+) (CHEBI:58097)
reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction evidence (ECO:0000109)
opioid dependence (EFO:0005611)
milligram per kilogram (EFO:0002902)
obsolete_corpus striatum (EFO:0000381)
drug dependence (EFO:0003890)
quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay (MMO:0000656)
reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay (MMO:0000655)
quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (MMO:0000462)
reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (MMO:0000461)
high throughput transcription profiling by microarray (MMO:0000649)
polymerase chain reaction (MMO:0000459)
rostral octaval nerve motor nucleus (UBERON:2002175)
melanophore stripe (UBERON:2001463)
male organism (UBERON:0003101)
adult organism (UBERON:0007023)
caudate-putamen (UBERON:0005383)
adult cerebral ganglion (UBERON:6110636)
ventral striatum (UBERON:0005403)

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