GeneSet Information

Tier IV GS410408 • Genes located within associated chromosonal intervals in ADHD cases

DESCRIPTION:

List of Genes located within the associated intervals. ADHD patients were recruited through a Norwegian national medical registry as well as by psychologists and psychiatrists working at out-patient clinics. ADHD diagnosis was defined according to DSM-IV criteria. Controls were randomly recruited through the Norwegian Medical Birth registry. All participants provided either blood or saliva samples for DNA extraction. Participants were genotyped on either Human OmniExpress-12v1-1_B (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA) or Human OmniExpress-12v1_H (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA) platforms. Each SNP was tested for association with ADHD in the form of logistic regression assuming an underlying additive model and adjusted for gender as implemented in PLINK. Because participants were genotyped on different arrays, SNPs showing high discrepancy in their frequencies between the two arrays (p<1.00E-05) were excluded from GWA analysis. To evaluate if any known biological pathways were implicated by our GWAS results, intervals around top SNPs (p<1.00E-04) were tested for enrichment in Gene Ontology (GO) nodes using the INRICH software. Using the same association intervals as determined in INRICH enrichment analysis, we assessed possible physical interactions between proteins encoded in those intervals using DAPPLE software. DAPPLE identifies direct and indirect networks from proteins encoded in associated intervals by utilizing experimentally validated, protein-protein interaction databases. As a result, DAPPLE assesses if the connectivity between associated proteins would be greater than expected by chance. This gene list was contained within linkage disequilibrium-independent intervals that were tested for protein-protein interaction in DAPPLE software.

LABEL:

Genes within ADHD-associated positions

SCORE TYPE:

Binary

DATE ADDED:

2025-02-04

DATE UPDATED:

2025-02-04

SPECIES:

AUTHORS:

Tetyana Zayats, Lavinia Athanasiu, Ida Sonderby, Srdjan Djurovic, Lars T Westlye, Christian K Tamnes, Tormod Fladby, Heidi Aase, Pål Zeiner, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, Per M Knappskog, Gun Peggy Knudsen, Ole A Andreassen, Stefan Johansson, Jan Haavik

TITLE:

Genome-wide analysis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Norway

JOURNAL:

PLoS One Apr 2015, Vol 10, pp.

ABSTRACT:

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable neuropsychiatric condition, but it has been difficult to identify genes underlying this disorder. This study aimed to explore genetics of ADHD in an ethnically homogeneous Norwegian population by means of a genome-wide association (GWA) analysis followed by examination of candidate loci. Materials and methods: Participants were recruited through Norwegian medical and birth registries as well as the general population. Presence of ADHD was defined according to DSM-IV criteria. Genotyping was performed using Illumina Human OmniExpress-12v1 microarrays. Statistical analyses were divided into several steps: (1) genome-wide association in the form of logistic regression in PLINK and follow-up pathway analyses performed in DAPPLE and INRICH softwares, (2) SNP-heritability calculated using genome-wide complex trait analysis (GCTA) tool, (3) gene-based association tests carried out in JAG software, and (4) evaluation of previously reported genome-wide signals and candidate genes of ADHD. Results: In total, 1.358 individuals (478 cases and 880 controls) and 598.384 autosomal SNPs were subjected to GWA analysis. No single polymorphism reached genome-wide significance. The strongest signal was observed at rs9949006 in the ENSG00000263745 gene (OR=1.51, 95% CI 1.28-1.79, p=1.38E-06). Pathway analyses of the top SNPs implicated genes involved in the regulation of gene expression, cell adhesion and inflammation. Among previously identified ADHD candidate genes, prominent association signals were observed for SLC9A9 (rs1393072, OR=1.46, 95% CI = 1.21-1.77, p=9.95E-05) and TPH2 (rs17110690, OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.14-1.66, p=8.31E-04). Conclusion: This study confirms the complexity and heterogeneity of ADHD etiology. Taken together with previous findings, our results point to a spectrum of biological mechanisms underlying the symptoms of ADHD, providing targets for further genetic exploration of this complex disorder. PUBMED: 25875332
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Annotation Information

No sequence read archive data associated with this GeneSet.


Social Control, Formal (D012926)
Gender Identity (D005783)
Gene Expression Regulation (D005786)
Population (D011153)
Linkage Disequilibrium (D015810)
Genetics (D005823)
Patients (D010361)
Software (D012984)
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (D039721)
Biological Products (D001688)
Cell Adhesion (D002448)
Gene Expression (D015870)
Logistic Models (D016015)
Psychology (D011584)
Attention (D001288)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (D001289)
Proteins (D011506)
Multifactorial Inheritance (D020412)
Inflammation (D007249)
Methods (D008722)
Diagnosis (D003933)
Registries (D012042)
Outpatients (D010045)
Parturition (D036801)
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide (D020641)
Association (D001244)
hyperactivity (MP:0001399)
abnormal inflammatory response (MP:0001845)
cell adhesion (GO:0007155)
biological regulation (GO:0065007)
inflammatory response (GO:0006954)
gene expression (GO:0010467)
regulation of gene expression (GO:0010468)
Genetic variation (EDAM_topic:0199)
Pathway or network (EDAM_data:2600)
Transcriptomics (EDAM_topic:0203)
Small molecules (EDAM_topic:0154)
Nucleic acid features (SNP) (EDAM_data:2092)
Pathways, networks and models (EDAM_topic:0602)
Genotype and phenotype (EDAM_topic:0625)
Protein analysis (EDAM_topic:0078)
deoxyribonucleic acid (CHEBI:16991)
demeton-S-methyl (CHEBI:38624)
protein polypeptide chain (CHEBI:16541)
Hyperactivity (HP:0000752)
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (DOID:1094)
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (EFO:0003888)
genotyping (EFO:0000750)
parturition trait (VT:0002907)
start of neonate stage (UBERON:0035946)

Gene List • 27 Genes

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