The effects of aging on gene expression in hippocampal tissues dissected from C57BL/6 mice was profiled. Mice were of ages 1, 6, 16, and 24 mo, with ten mice per age cohort (five mice of each sex). mRNA from each tissue sample was sampled and radiolabeled cDNA was generated, which was then hybridized to two filter membranes containing a total of 16,896 cDNA clones corresponding to 8,932 genes. p-value was uploaded.
Authors:
Zahn JM, Poosala S, Owen AB, Ingram DK, Lustig A, Carter A, Weeraratna AT, Taub DD, Gorospe M, Mazan-Mamczarz K, Lakatta EG, Boheler KR, Xu X, Mattson MP, Falco G, Ko MS, Schlessinger D, Firman J, Kummerfeld SK, Wood WH 3rd, Zonderman AB, Kim SK, Becker KG
Here, female High Drinking in the Dark (HDID) mice were stereotaxically injected with 0.5uL rAAV2/5-CMV-Cre-GFP and 0.5uL rAAV2-hSyn-DIO-hM3Dq-mCherry bilaterally into the NAc. A Drinking in the Dark (DID) experiment lasting 6 weeks was carried out with 2 fluid groups (water or ethanol) and 2 treatment groups (VEH/VEH/VEH or VEH/CNO/VEH). Mice were serially treated with vehicle prior to DID during week 1 to establish baseline drinking, CNO (1mg/kg) during weeks 2-5 to measure the effects of chronic treatment, and then mice were treated with vehicle again during week 6 to determine if there were any lasting effects of chronic CNO treatment. This gene set comprises 1,473 genes that were differentially expressed in the nucleus accumbens of ethanol drinking HDID mice treated with vehicle as compared to the water drinking and vehicle treated control group.
Authors:
Darya Y. Pozhidayeva, Sean P. Farris, Calla M. Goeke, Evan J. Firsick, Kayla G. Townsley, Marina Guizzetti, and Angela R. Ozburn
Here, female High Drinking in the Dark (HDID) mice were stereotaxically injected with 0.5uL rAAV2/5-CMV-Cre-GFP and 0.5uL rAAV2-hSyn-DIO-hM3Dq-mCherry bilaterally into the NAc. A Drinking in the Dark (DID) experiment lasting 6 weeks was carried out with 2 fluid groups (water or ethanol) and 2 treatment groups (VEH/VEH/VEH or VEH/CNO/VEH). Mice were serially treated with vehicle prior to DID during week 1 to establish baseline drinking, CNO (1mg/kg) during weeks 2-5 to measure the effects of chronic treatment, and then mice were treated with vehicle again during week 6 to determine if there were any lasting effects of chronic CNO treatment. This gene set comprises 2,377 genes that were differentially expressed in the nucleus accumbens of ethanol drinking HDID mice treated with CNO as compared to the water drinking and vehicle treated control group.
Authors:
Darya Y. Pozhidayeva, Sean P. Farris, Calla M. Goeke, Evan J. Firsick, Kayla G. Townsley, Marina Guizzetti, and Angela R. Ozburn
Genes that are differentially expressed in adult male C57BL/6J mice given acute cocaine vs. acute saline. Tissue was collected from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the brain. Gene expression was evaluated via RNA-seq, and differential gene expression was determined via linear regression (LR).D13 Values presented are p-values. Data taken from Supplementary Table 1. Data available from GEO with accession number GSE155313."
Authors:
Rianne R Campbell, Siwei Chen, Joy H Beardwood, Alberto J López, Lilyana V Pham, Ashley M Keiser, Jessica E Childs, Dina P Matheos, Vivek Swarup, Pierre Baldi, Marcelo A Wood
Alcohol transcriptome changes in mice microglia total homogenate p-value
Description:
Microglia are fundamentally important immune cells within the central nervous system (CNS) that respond to environmental challenges to maintain normal physiological processes. Alterations in steady-state cellular function and over-activation of microglia can facilitate the initiation and progression of neuropathological conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, Multiple Sclerosis, and Major Depressive Disorder. Alcohol consumption disrupts signaling pathways including both innate and adaptive immune responses that are necessary for CNS homeostasis. Coordinate expression of these genes is not ascertained from an admixture of CNS cell-types, underscoring the importance of examining isolated cellular populations to reveal systematic gene expression changes arising from mature microglia. Unbiased RNA-Seq profiling was used to identify gene expression changes in isolated prefrontal cortical microglia in response to recurring bouts of voluntary alcohol drinking behavior. The voluntary ethanol paradigm utilizes long-term consumption ethanol that results in escalated alcohol intake and altered cortical plasticity that is seen in humans. Gene coexpression analysis identified a coordinately regulated group of genes, unique to microglia, that collectively are associated with alcohol consumption. Genes within this group are involved in toll-like receptor signaling and transforming growth factor beta signaling. Network connectivity of this group identified Siglech as a putative hub gene and highlighted the potential importance of proteases in the microglial response to chronic ethanol. In conclusion, we identified a distinctive microglial gene expression signature for neuroimmune responses related to alcohol consumption that provides valuable insight into microglia-specific changes underlying the development of substance abuse, and possibly other CNS disorders.
Authors:
Gizelle M McCarthy, Sean P Farris, Yuri A Blednov, R Adron Harris, R Dayne Mayfield
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear hormone receptors that act as ligand-activated transcription factors. Although prescribed for dyslipidemia and type-II diabetes, PPAR agonists also possess anti-addictive characteristics. PPAR agonists decrease ethanol consumption and reduce withdrawal severity and susceptibility to stress-induced relapse in rodents. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms facilitating these properties have yet to be investigated. We tested three PPAR agonists in a continuous access two-bottle choice (2BC) drinking paradigm and found that tesaglitazar (PPARα/γ; 1.5 mg/kg) and fenofibrate (PPARα; 150 mg/kg) decreased ethanol consumption in male C57BL/6J mice while bezafibrate (PPARα/γ/β; 75 mg/kg) did not. We hypothesized that changes in brain gene expression following fenofibrate and tesaglitazar treatment lead to reduced ethanol drinking. We studied unbiased genomic profiles in areas of the brain known to be important for ethanol dependence, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and amygdala, and also profiled gene expression in liver. Genomic profiles from the non-effective bezafibrate treatment were used to filter out genes not associated with ethanol consumption. Because PPAR agonists are anti-inflammatory, they would be expected to target microglia and astrocytes. Surprisingly, PPAR agonists produced a strong neuronal signature in mouse brain, and fenofibrate and tesaglitazar (but not bezafibrate) targeted a subset of GABAergic interneurons in the amygdala. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed co-expression of treatment-significant genes. Functional annotation of these gene networks suggested that PPAR agonists might act via neuropeptide and dopaminergic signaling pathways in the amygdala. Our results reveal gene targets through which PPAR agonists can affect alcohol consumption behavior.
Authors:
Laura B Ferguson, Dana Most, Yuri A Blednov, R Adron Harris
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