RNA which does not code for protein but has some enzymatic, structural or regulatory function. Although ribosomal RNA (RNA, RIBOSOMAL) and transfer RNA (RNA, TRANSFER) are also untranslated RNAs they are not included in this scope.
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RNA molecules which hybridize to complementary sequences in either RNA or DNA altering the function of the latter. Endogenous antisense RNAs function as regulators of gene expression by a variety of mechanisms. Synthetic antisense RNAs are used to effect the functioning of specific genes for investigative or therapeutic purposes.
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Nucleic acids which hybridize to complementary sequences in other target nucleic acids causing the function of the latter to be affected.
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High molecular weight polymers containing a mixture of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides chained together by ribose or deoxyribose linkages.
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Small double-stranded, non-protein coding RNAs, 21-25 nucleotides in length generated from single-stranded microRNA gene transcripts by the same RIBONUCLEASE III, Dicer, that produces small interfering RNAs (RNA, SMALL INTERFERING). They become part of the RNA-INDUCED SILENCING COMPLEX and repress the translation (TRANSLATION, GENETIC) of target RNA by binding to homologous 3'UTR region as an imperfect match. The small temporal RNAs (stRNAs), let-7 and lin-4, from C. elegans, are the first 2 miRNAs discovered, and are from a class of miRNAs involved in developmental timing.
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Complex compounds of high molecular weight occurring in living cells. These are basically of two types, ribonucleic (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic (DNA) acids, both of which consist of nucleotides (nucleoside phosphates linked together by phosphate bridges).
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A polynucleotide consisting essentially of chains with a repeating backbone of phosphate and ribose units to which nitrogenous bases are attached. RNA is unique among biological macromolecules in that it can encode genetic information, serve as an abundant structural component of cells, and also possesses catalytic activity. (Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)
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Gene Ontology (GO) gene set. This set contains genes that have been annotated to the GO term "micro-ribonucleoprotein complex", which is defined as "A complex containing both protein and micro-RNA (miRNA) molecules. miRNAs are approximately 22 nucleotide noncoding RNAs derived from endogenous genes; they are processed from the stem of a longer hairpin like structure termed a pre-miRNA." This gene set was automatically constructed using annotation and ontology data provided by GO and only includes annotations with experimental and curatorial evidence codes (EXP, IDA, IPI, IMP, IGI, IEP, TAS, IC). The transitive closure of this term is taken into account using is_a and part_of relationships. For more information: The Gene Ontology Consortium (GOC), http://geneontology.org This gene set was generated using the GeneWeaver GO loader v. 0.2.8.
Authors:
M Ashburner, CA Ball, JA Blake, D Botstein, H Butler, JM Cherry, AP Davis, K Dolinski, SS Dwight, JT Eppig, MA Harris, DP Hill, L Issel-Tarver, A Kasarskis, S Lewis, JC Matese, JE Richardson, M Ringwald, GM Rubin, G Sherlock
Gene Ontology (GO) gene set. This set contains genes that have been annotated to the GO term "protein-containing complex", which is defined as "A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together." This gene set was automatically constructed using annotation and ontology data provided by GO and only includes annotations with experimental and curatorial evidence codes (EXP, IDA, IPI, IMP, IGI, IEP, TAS, IC). The transitive closure of this term is taken into account using is_a and part_of relationships. For more information: The Gene Ontology Consortium (GOC), http://geneontology.org This gene set was generated using the GeneWeaver GO loader v. 0.2.12.
Authors:
M Ashburner, CA Ball, JA Blake, D Botstein, H Butler, JM Cherry, AP Davis, K Dolinski, SS Dwight, JT Eppig, MA Harris, DP Hill, L Issel-Tarver, A Kasarskis, S Lewis, JC Matese, JE Richardson, M Ringwald, GM Rubin, G Sherlock
Gene Ontology (GO) gene set. This set contains genes that have been annotated to the GO term "RNAi effector complex", which is defined as "Any protein complex that mediates the effects of small interfering RNAs on gene expression. Most known examples contain one or more members of the Argonaute family of proteins." This gene set was automatically constructed using annotation and ontology data provided by GO and only includes annotations with experimental and curatorial evidence codes (EXP, IDA, IPI, IMP, IGI, IEP, TAS, IC). The transitive closure of this term is taken into account using is_a and part_of relationships. For more information: The Gene Ontology Consortium (GOC), http://geneontology.org This gene set was generated using the GeneWeaver GO loader v. 0.2.12.
Authors:
M Ashburner, CA Ball, JA Blake, D Botstein, H Butler, JM Cherry, AP Davis, K Dolinski, SS Dwight, JT Eppig, MA Harris, DP Hill, L Issel-Tarver, A Kasarskis, S Lewis, JC Matese, JE Richardson, M Ringwald, GM Rubin, G Sherlock
Gene Ontology (GO) gene set. This set contains genes that have been annotated to the GO term "cellular_component", which is defined as "A location, relative to cellular compartments and structures, occupied by a macromolecular machine when it carries out a molecular function. There are two ways in which the gene ontology describes locations of gene products: (1) relative to cellular structures (e.g., cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane) or compartments (e.g., mitochondrion), and (2) the stable macromolecular complexes of which they are parts (e.g., the ribosome)." This gene set was automatically constructed using annotation and ontology data provided by GO and only includes annotations with experimental and curatorial evidence codes (EXP, IDA, IPI, IMP, IGI, IEP, TAS, IC). The transitive closure of this term is taken into account using is_a and part_of relationships. For more information: The Gene Ontology Consortium (GOC), http://geneontology.org This gene set was generated using the GeneWeaver GO loader v. 0.2.12.
Authors:
M Ashburner, CA Ball, JA Blake, D Botstein, H Butler, JM Cherry, AP Davis, K Dolinski, SS Dwight, JT Eppig, MA Harris, DP Hill, L Issel-Tarver, A Kasarskis, S Lewis, JC Matese, JE Richardson, M Ringwald, GM Rubin, G Sherlock
Gene Ontology (GO) gene set. This set contains genes that have been annotated to the GO term "RISC complex", which is defined as "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains members of the Argonaute family of proteins, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or microRNAs (miRNAs), and miRNA or siRNA-complementary mRNAs, in addition to a number of accessory factors. The RISC complex is involved in posttranscriptional repression of gene expression through downregulation of translation or induction of mRNA degradation." This gene set was automatically constructed using annotation and ontology data provided by GO and only includes annotations with experimental and curatorial evidence codes (EXP, IDA, IPI, IMP, IGI, IEP, TAS, IC). The transitive closure of this term is taken into account using is_a and part_of relationships. For more information: The Gene Ontology Consortium (GOC), http://geneontology.org This gene set was generated using the GeneWeaver GO loader v. 0.2.12.
Authors:
M Ashburner, CA Ball, JA Blake, D Botstein, H Butler, JM Cherry, AP Davis, K Dolinski, SS Dwight, JT Eppig, MA Harris, DP Hill, L Issel-Tarver, A Kasarskis, S Lewis, JC Matese, JE Richardson, M Ringwald, GM Rubin, G Sherlock
Gene Ontology (GO) gene set. This set contains genes that have been annotated to the GO term "ribonucleoprotein complex", which is defined as "A macromolecular complex containing both protein and RNA molecules." This gene set was automatically constructed using annotation and ontology data provided by GO and only includes annotations with experimental and curatorial evidence codes (EXP, IDA, IPI, IMP, IGI, IEP, TAS, IC). The transitive closure of this term is taken into account using is_a and part_of relationships. For more information: The Gene Ontology Consortium (GOC), http://geneontology.org This gene set was generated using the GeneWeaver GO loader v. 0.2.12.
Authors:
M Ashburner, CA Ball, JA Blake, D Botstein, H Butler, JM Cherry, AP Davis, K Dolinski, SS Dwight, JT Eppig, MA Harris, DP Hill, L Issel-Tarver, A Kasarskis, S Lewis, JC Matese, JE Richardson, M Ringwald, GM Rubin, G Sherlock
Dysregulation of NRSF/REST via EHMT1 is associated with psychiatric disorders and Kleefstra syndrome, Z scores
Description:
EHMT1 is an epigenetic repressor that is causal for Kleefstra Syndrome (KS), a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) leading to intelectual disability, and is associated with schizophrenia. Here, the researchers aim to show we show that reduced EHMT1 activity decreases NRSF/REST protein leading to abnormal neuronal gene expression and progression of neurodevelopment in human iPSC. Five induced pluripotent stem cell samples (from fibroblasts of adult, male, skin) were used. The stem cells were gifted from: Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus. Total RNA extracted from a control hiPSC line and control cells treated for 72h with various concentrations of UNC0638 i.e 50, 100, 200 or 250nM as a model for Kleefstra syndrome. Polyadenylated adaptors were ligated to the 3′-end, 5′-adaptors were then ligated, and the resulting RNAs were reverse transcribed to generate cDNA that can be amplified by PCR. The amplified product was run on low range ultra agarose in TBE buffer and a size-selection was performed to ensure that the cDNA used for sequencing primarily contains miRNAs rather than other RNA contaminants. Expression values were calculated by the method detailed in 'HBA-DEALS: accurate and simultaneous identification of differential expression and splicing using hierarchical Bayesian analysis' (Genome Biol. 2020, PMID: 32660516), and Z scores calculated. Genes were annotated as Ensembl gene ids. SRA Study id ERP130338.
RNA sequencing of a limited number of archived patients' specimens with extended opioid exposure or non-opioid exposure was performed. Immune infiltration and changes in the microenvironment were evaluated using CIBERSORT.
Authors:
Mamatha Garige, Sarah Poncet, Alexis Norris, Chao-Kai Chou, Wells W Wu, Rong-Fong Shen, Jacob W Greenberg, Louis Spencer Krane, Carole Sourbier
Transcriptional alterations in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens implicate neuroinflammation and synaptic remodeling in opioid use disorder. Transcriptomic profile of 20 control subjects and 20 OUD subjects in brain region DLPFC and NAC. Analyzed using GEO2R (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE174409) separately for each brain region, comparing OUD and control samples.
Authors:
Xiangning Xue, Wei Zong, Jill R Glausier, Sam-Moon Kim, Micah A Shelton, BaDoi N Phan, Chaitanya Srinivasan, Andreas R Pfenning, George C Tseng, David A Lewis, Marianne L Seney, Ryan W Logan
Transcriptional alterations in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens implicate neuroinflammation and synaptic remodeling in opioid use disorder. Transcriptomic profile of 20 control subjects and 20 OUD subjects in brain region DLPFC and NAC. Analyzed using GEO2R (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE174409) separately for each brain region, comparing OUD and control samples.
Authors:
Xiangning Xue, Wei Zong, Jill R Glausier, Sam-Moon Kim, Micah A Shelton, BaDoi N Phan, Chaitanya Srinivasan, Andreas R Pfenning, George C Tseng, David A Lewis, Marianne L Seney, Ryan W Logan
DEG female mouse forebrain PND1 morphine vs saline_pvalue
Description:
To examine forebrain transcriptomic changes that might elucidate mechanisms of withdrawal, delayed development, and any long-term behavior changes, we generated transcriptomic signatures following our “3-trimester” exposure model (3-Tri). In addition, we also examined transcriptomes from animals that received opioids only during the gestational period (PND1) or only during the last trimester from PND 1–14 (PND 14). We sought to determine whether transcriptomic signatures vary based on the window of exposure, perhaps contributing to the discrepancies in the literature regarding acute and long-term outcomes. Brains were dissected from PND 1 pups 6 h after discovery. Brains were dissected from post-natal exposure only (PND 14) or 3-trimester exposure (3-tri) 6 h after the last morphine or saline injection. The number of animals per group was similar (N = 5–7 animals, male and female C57Bl/6NTac mice), and the quality controls, library construction and sequence parameters were also identical across all groups. Libraries were sequenced on a NovaSeq 6000 at a depth of 30 million total reads/sample using paired-end sequencing of 150 base pairs (PE150), to a depth of 30 million total reads/sample. Reads were then mapped to the mouse reference genome (Mus Musculus, GRCm38/mm10) using HISAT2 (version 2.2.1), and duplicated fragments were removed using Picard MarkDuplicates. Differential expression analysis between two conditions (e.g., Morphine and Saline) was performed in R (version 4.1.1) with DESeq2 (v1.32.0) package. Genes were assigned by the authors as differentially expressed if the (adjusted) (nominal) p-value < 0.05. All genes/scores are presented here.
Authors:
Amelia D Dunn, Shivon A Robinson, Chiso Nwokafor, Molly Estill, Julia Ferrante, Li Shen, Crystal O Lemchi, Jordi Creus-Muncunill, Angie Ramirez, Juliet Mengaziol, Julia K Brynildsen, Mark Leggas, Jamie Horn, Michelle E Ehrlich, Julie A Blendy
DEG male mouse forebrain PND1 morphine vs saline_pvalue
Description:
To examine forebrain transcriptomic changes that might elucidate mechanisms of withdrawal, delayed development, and any long-term behavior changes, we generated transcriptomic signatures following our “3-trimester” exposure model (3-Tri). In addition, we also examined transcriptomes from animals that received opioids only during the gestational period (PND1) or only during the last trimester from PND 1–14 (PND 14). We sought to determine whether transcriptomic signatures vary based on the window of exposure, perhaps contributing to the discrepancies in the literature regarding acute and long-term outcomes. Brains were dissected from PND 1 pups 6 h after discovery. Brains were dissected from post-natal exposure only (PND 14) or 3-trimester exposure (3-tri) 6 h after the last morphine or saline injection. The number of animals per group was similar (N = 5–7 animals, male and female C57Bl/6NTac mice), and the quality controls, library construction and sequence parameters were also identical across all groups. Libraries were sequenced on a NovaSeq 6000 at a depth of 30 million total reads/sample using paired-end sequencing of 150 base pairs (PE150), to a depth of 30 million total reads/sample. Reads were then mapped to the mouse reference genome (Mus Musculus, GRCm38/mm10) using HISAT2 (version 2.2.1), and duplicated fragments were removed using Picard MarkDuplicates. Differential expression analysis between two conditions (e.g., Morphine and Saline) was performed in R (version 4.1.1) with DESeq2 (v1.32.0) package. Genes were assigned by the authors as differentially expressed if the (adjusted) (nominal) p-value < 0.05. All genes/scores are presented here.
Authors:
Amelia D Dunn, Shivon A Robinson, Chiso Nwokafor, Molly Estill, Julia Ferrante, Li Shen, Crystal O Lemchi, Jordi Creus-Muncunill, Angie Ramirez, Juliet Mengaziol, Julia K Brynildsen, Mark Leggas, Jamie Horn, Michelle E Ehrlich, Julie A Blendy
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