DESCRIPTION:

QTL associated with modifier of Notch. This interval was obtained by using a fixed interval width of 25 Mbp around the peak marker (176558864)

LABEL:

QTL-Mnotch-Mouse-Chr 1

SCORE TYPE:

Binary

DATE ADDED:

2012-04-02

DATE UPDATED:

2020-05-06

SPECIES:

URI:

http://www.informatics.jax.org/searches/accession_report.cgi?id=MGI:2684308

AUTHORS:

Rozmahel R, Mount HT, Chen F, Nguyen V, Huang J, Erdebil S, Liauw J, Yu G, Hasegawa H, Gu Y, Song YQ, Schmidt SD, Nixon RA, Mathews PM, Bergeron C, Fraser P, Westaway D, St George-Hyslop P

TITLE:

Alleles at the Nicastrin locus modify presenilin 1- deficiency phenotype.

JOURNAL:

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Oct 2002, Vol 99, pp. 14452-7

ABSTRACT:

Presenilin 1 (PS1), presenilin 2, and nicastrin form high molecular weight complexes that are necessary for the endoproteolysis of several type 1 transmembrane proteins, including amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the Notch receptor, by apparently similar mechanisms. The cleavage of the Notch receptor at the "S3-site" releases a C-terminal cytoplasmic fragment (Notch intracellular domain) that acts as the intracellular transduction molecule for Notch activation. Missense mutations in the presenilins cause familial Alzheimer\'s disease by augmenting the "gamma-secretase" cleavage of APP and overproducing one of the proteolytic derivatives, the Abeta peptide. Null mutations in PS1 inhibit both gamma-secretase cleavage of APP and S3-site cleavage of the Notch receptor. Mice lacking PS1 function have defective Notch signaling and die perinatally with severe skeletal and brain deformities. We report here that a genetic modifier on mouse distal chromosome 1, coinciding with the locus containing Nicastrin, influences presenilin-mediated Notch S3-site cleavage and the resultant Notch phenotype without affecting presenilin-mediated APP gamma-site cleavage. Two missense substitutions of residues conserved among vertebrates have been identified in nicastrin. These results indicate that Notch S3-site cleavage and APP gamma-site cleavage are distinct presenilin-dependent processes and support a functional interaction between nicastrin and presenilins in vertebrates. The dissociation of Notch S3-site and APP gamma-site cleavage activities will facilitate development of gamma-secretase inhibitors for treatment of Alzheimer\'s disease. PUBMED: 12388777
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