A group of pharmacologic activities, effects on living systems and the environment, and modes of employment of drugs and chemicals. They are broken into actions, which describe their effects, and uses, which describe how they are employed.
Generated by gene2mesh v. 1.1.1
A sequence of successive nucleotide triplets that are read as CODONS specifying AMINO ACIDS and begin with an INITIATOR CODON and end with a stop codon (CODON, TERMINATOR).
Generated by gene2mesh v. 1.1.1
Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.
Generated by gene2mesh v. 1.1.1
Species- or subspecies-specific DNA (including COMPLEMENTARY DNA; conserved genes, whole chromosomes, or whole genomes) used in hybridization studies in order to identify microorganisms, to measure DNA-DNA homologies, to group subspecies, etc. The DNA probe hybridizes with a specific mRNA, if present. Conventional techniques used for testing for the hybridization product include dot blot assays, Southern blot assays, and DNA:RNA hybrid-specific antibody tests. Conventional labels for the DNA probe include the radioisotope labels 32P and 125I and the chemical label biotin. The use of DNA probes provides a specific, sensitive, rapid, and inexpensive replacement for cell culture techniques for diagnosing infections.
Generated by gene2mesh v. 1.1.1
The meaning ascribed to the BASE SEQUENCE with respect to how it is translated into AMINO ACID SEQUENCE. The start, stop, and order of amino acids of a protein is specified by consecutive triplets of nucleotides called codons (CODON).
Generated by gene2mesh v. 1.1.1
The parts of a GENOME sequence that are involved with the different functions or properties of genomes as a whole as opposed to those of individual GENES.
Generated by gene2mesh v. 1.1.1
High molecular weight polymers containing a mixture of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides chained together by ribose or deoxyribose linkages.
Generated by gene2mesh v. 1.1.1
The genetic complement of an organism, including all of its GENES, as represented in its DNA, or in some cases, its RNA.
Generated by gene2mesh v. 1.1.1
Nucleic acid which complements a specific mRNA or DNA molecule, or fragment thereof; used for hybridization studies in order to identify microorganisms and for genetic studies.
Generated by gene2mesh v. 1.1.1
A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).
Generated by gene2mesh v. 1.1.1
A group of atoms or molecules attached to other molecules or cellular structures and used in studying the properties of these molecules and structures. Radioactive DNA or RNA sequences are used in MOLECULAR GENETICS to detect the presence of a complementary sequence by NUCLEIC ACID HYBRIDIZATION.
Generated by gene2mesh v. 1.1.1
The processes, properties and biological objects that are involved in maintaining, expressing, and transmitting from one organism to another, genetically encoded traits.
Generated by gene2mesh v. 1.1.1
A single chain of deoxyribonucleotides that occurs in some bacteria and viruses. It usually exists as a covalently closed circle.
Generated by gene2mesh v. 1.1.1
The three possible sequences of CODONS by which GENETIC TRANSLATION may occur from one nucleotide sequence. A segment of mRNA 5'AUCCGA3' could be translated as 5'AUC.. or 5'UCC.. or 5'CCG.., depending on the location of the START CODON.
Generated by gene2mesh v. 1.1.1
The biological objects that contain genetic information and that are involved in transmitting genetically encoded traits from one organism to another.
Generated by gene2mesh v. 1.1.1
Chemicals necessary to perform experimental and/or investigative procedures and for the preparation of drugs and other chemicals.
Generated by gene2mesh v. 1.1.1
Complex compounds of high molecular weight occurring in living cells. These are basically of two types, ribonucleic (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic (DNA) acids, both of which consist of nucleotides (nucleoside phosphates linked together by phosphate bridges).
Generated by gene2mesh v. 1.1.1
A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms.
Generated by gene2mesh v. 1.1.1
Striatum Gene Expression Correlates for HAND_6HOURS measured in BXD RI Males obtained using GeneNetwork Striatum M430V2 (Apr05) RMA. The HAND_6HOURS measures Handling induced convulsions 6 hrs after ethanol under the domain Ethanol HIC. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.
Authors:
Philip VM, Duvvuru S, Gomero B, Ansah TA, Blaha CD, Cook MN, Hamre KM, Lariviere WR, Matthews DB, Mittleman G, Goldowitz D, Chesler EJ
alcohol preference 7 spans 13.47 - 63.47 Mbp (NCBI Build 37) on Chr7. This interval was obtained by using an interval width of 25 Mbp around the peak marker (Build 37, MGI, http://informatics.jax.org).
Authors:
Bachmanov AA, Reed DR, Li X, Li S, Beauchamp GK, Tordoff MG
Chronic cocaine - Cocaine-paired (conditioned place preference) vs. Control (saline or cocaine-non-paired) DNA microarray All genes on microarray presented After the pre-conditioning phase where animals were allowed access to either compartment for 15 minutes for 4 consecutive days, the conditioning phase for the cocaine-paired groups and cocaine non-paired groups began, consisting of eight subsequent daily sessions. For both groups, cocaine (10 mg / kg) or saline injections were administered on alternate days. For the cocaine-paired groups, rats were immediately placed in one of the two compartments for 30 min with the door in place restricting a z transformation followed by z test and anova followed by Student-Newman-Keuls' post hoc test. Gene expression profile was assessed 24 h after the last conditioning session that corresponded to 48 h after last cocaine exposure, when drug has been eliminated from the body and transient transcriptional changes are likely to be minimal. Therefore, changes in gene expression at this time-point are likely to reflect longer lasting adaptations that may account for maintenance of cocaine-induced memories. The complete lists of normalized gene expression values for the hippocampus of saline-treated, cocaine non-paired and cocaine-paired groups are presented. Analyses revealed that 214 transcripts were differentially regulated in the hippocampus of cocaine-paired rats vs. non-paired and saline-treated controls. Cocaine-induced conditioned place preference caused significant increases in the expression of 151 genes and caused decreases in the expression of 63 genes. (NIF Table ID 130.1 [83])
Authors:
Krasnova IN, Li SM, Wood WH, McCoy MT, Prabhu VV, Becker KG, Katz JL, Cadet JL
Chronic cocaine - Cocaine-paired (conditioned place preference) vs. Control (saline or cocaine-non-paired) DNA microarray All genes on microarray presented After the pre-conditioning phase where animals were allowed access to either compartment for 15 minutes for 4 consecutive days, the conditioning phase for the cocaine-paired groups and cocaine non-paired groups began, consisting of eight subsequent daily sessions. For both groups, cocaine (10 mg / kg) or saline injections were administered on alternate days. For the cocaine-paired groups, rats were immediately placed in one of the two compartments for 30 min with the door in place restricting a z transformation followed by z test and anova followed by Student-Newman-Keuls' post hoc test. Gene expression profile was assessed 24 h after the last conditioning session that corresponded to 48 h after last cocaine exposure, when drug has been eliminated from the body and transient transcriptional changes are likely to be minimal. Therefore, changes in gene expression at this time-point are likely to reflect longer lasting adaptations that may account for maintenance of cocaine-induced memories. The complete lists of normalized gene expression values for the frontal cortex of saline-treated, cocaine non-paired and cocaine-paired groups are presented. Differences in the expression of 39 transcripts in the frontal cortex were related to the conditioned place preference paradigm. These include increases in the level of 22 genes and decreases in 17 genes. (NIF Table ID 130.3 [83.5])
Authors:
Krasnova IN, Li SM, Wood WH, McCoy MT, Prabhu VV, Becker KG, Katz JL, Cadet JL
Genes associated with Homo sapiens that interact with the MeSH term '(6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine' (C516138). Incorporates data from 3 publications curated by the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). ODE Gene scores represent number of supporting publications per gene.
GeneWeaver