| Authors: | Hoebe K, Janssen EM, Kim SO, Alexopoulou L, Flavell RA, Han J, Beutler B |
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| Title: | Upregulation of costimulatory molecules induced by lipopolysaccharide and double-stranded RNA occurs by Trif-dependent and Trif-independent pathways. |
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| Journal: | Nature immunology
Dec 2003 , Vol 4 , pp. 1223-9 |
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| Abstract: | Both lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) are adjuvants for the adaptive immune response, inducing upregulation of costimulatory molecules (UCM) on antigen-presenting cells. Trif, an adapter protein that transduces signals from Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and TLR3, permits the induction of many cytokines, including interferon-beta, which signals through the type I interferon receptor. We show here that LPS-induced UCM was strictly dependent on the TLR4-->Trif axis, whereas dsRNA-induced UCM was only partly dependent on the TLR3-->Trif axis. But both LPS- and dsRNA-induced UCM were entirely dependent on type I interferon receptor signaling. These findings show that UCM involves an autocrine or paracrine loop, and indicate that an alternative TLR3-independent, Trif-independent pathway contributes to dsRNA-induced UCM.
PUBMED: 14625548
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| Ontological Annotations: |
- GO:0023052: signaling (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
- D015854: Up-Regulation (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
- D016899: Interferon-beta (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
- D053633: Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
- GO:0006955: immune response (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
- GO:0002250: adaptive immune response (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
- D017471: Receptors, Interferon (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
- D016207: Cytokines (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
- D012330: RNA, Double-Stranded (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
- D002477: Cells (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
- D007372: Interferons (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
- D056704: Adaptive Immunity (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
- D007370: Interferon Type I (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
- D001368: Axis (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
- D000938: Antigen-Presenting Cells (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
- D012313: RNA (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
- D051193: Toll-Like Receptors (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
- D008004: Licensure (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
- D051197: Toll-Like Receptor 4 (Publication, NCBO Annotator)
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